KEY CONCEPTS RELATED TO iam for agentic ai

Non-Human Identity Terms: A to Z Glossary

A curated collection of terms for anyone building or securing AI agents, software workloads, and identity and access controls across hybrid and cloud environments.

For the most popular terms, you can now expand entries to learn how each concept translates from definition to real-world enterprise impact.

Categories:

Access Control

Security concepts

The practice of regulating access to resources or systems based on permissions and authorization policies. Secrets managers implement access control mechanisms to restrict who can view, modify, or retrieve stored secrets, ensuring that only authorized users or applications have access

Active Directory

Security concepts

Active Directory (AD) is Microsoft’s directory service that manages and authenticates users, computers, and resources within a networked environment. It provides centralized control over identities, permissions, and access policies across Windows-based systems.

Agent Authentication

Security concepts

Agent authentication is the process of verifying the identity of an AI agent, service, or automated workload before it’s allowed to access tools, data, or APIs. It ensures that autonomous systems act within defined boundaries and that each action is tied to a verifiable, trusted entity.

Agent-to-Human Handoff

AI/MCP Concepts

A mechanism where the AI agent seamlessly transfers a task to a human operator when a problem exceeds the agent’s pre-defined complexity threshold or requires sensitive human judgment.

Agentic AI

AI/MCP Concepts

Agentic AI refers to artificial intelligence systems that can pursue goals, make decisions, and take real-world actions with varying levels of autonomy, often operating independently, but still benefiting from human oversight or feedback when needed.

Agentic Workflow

AI/MCP Concepts

An agentic workflow is an automated, goal-driven process executed by AI agents that can independently plan, make decisions, and act across multiple systems to complete complex tasks. Unlike traditional automation scripts, agentic workflows operate with adaptive reasoning, deciding how to achieve outcomes based on context and available tools.

AI Agent

AI/MCP Concepts

An AI agent is an autonomous or semi-autonomous software entity that can perceive inputs, reason over context, and take actions toward a goal without direct human control. Unlike traditional rule-based automation, AI agents can dynamically plan, execute, and adapt across digital environments using large language models (LLMs), APIs, and integrated tools.

API (Application Programming Interface)

IT concepts

A set of rules and protocols that allows different software applications to communicate with each other. Secrets managers often provide APIs for programmatically accessing and managing secrets, enabling seamless integration with existing workflows and automation tools.

API Gateway

IT concepts

A server that acts as an intermediary between clients and backend services, providing features such as authentication, authorization, rate limiting, logging, and monitoring. API gateways help enforce security policies and simplify API management.

API Key

Identity types

An API key is a unique string of characters used to authenticate and identify an application or user when interacting with an API. It acts as a simple form of credential that verifies who or what is making a request, without requiring a full authentication protocol.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

AI/MCP Concepts

Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to computer systems that perform tasks typically requiring human cognition, such as reasoning, learning, perception, and decision-making. In enterprise contexts, AI spans from predictive analytics and language models to fully autonomous agents capable of executing multi-step workflows across software environments.

Attestation

IAM concepts

The process of formally verifying or confirming the accuracy, authenticity, or compliance of a statement, document, or assertion. In the context of identity and access management (IAM) or cybersecurity, attestation typically involves validating the integrity and validity of various elements such as user identities, access permissions, configurations, or system states.

Attribute Assertion

IAM concepts

Information about a user’s identity or attributes provided by an identity provider to a service provider during the authentication process. Attribute assertions include details such as user ID, email address, roles, or group memberships, which are used to make access control decisions.

Authentication

IAM concepts

The process of verifying the identity of a user, machine, or application attempting to access a system or resource. Authentication mechanisms may include passwords, biometrics, cryptographic keys, or other factors.

Authorization

IAM concepts

The process of determining whether a user, machine, or application has permission to access a resource or perform a specific action. Authorization mechanisms enforce access control policies based on predefined rules or roles.

Backup and Recovery

IT concepts

The process of creating and maintaining backups of password manager data to prevent data loss in case of device failure, accidental deletion, or other unforeseen events. Backup and recovery mechanisms help ensure data availability and integrity.

Bearer Token

Identity types

An access token used by non-human clients to authenticate and access protected resources or APIs. Bearer tokens are typically included in API requests as a header and provide temporary authorization without requiring additional authentication mechanisms.

Blended Identity

AI/MCP Concepts

The integrated user’s identity, permissions and context with an autonomous agent’s operational identity to enable safe, effective action. It ensures agents can perform tasks on behalf of users without becoming over-privileged or violating security boundaries and while being auditable.

Bot Identity

Identity types

An identity assigned to a software robot or bot, typically used to automate tasks or interactions with systems, applications, or APIs. Bot identities may have specific permissions and access rights tailored to their intended tasks.

Browser Extension

IT concepts

A software component that extends the functionality of a web browser by adding features or capabilities. Password managers often provide browser extensions to automatically fill login forms, generate strong passwords, and facilitate secure authentication on websites.

Client Credentials

Identity types

Credentials used by non-human clients, such as applications or services, to authenticate and access protected resources or APIs. Client credentials typically consist of a client ID and client secret or other authentication tokens.

Conditional Access

Security concepts

Conditional Access enables extra layers of security by allowing access to be granted based on specific conditions such as time of day, location, device type, or security posture. For example, access might be restricted based on the security posture of a device or workload, such as whether it meets certain criteria defined by an integration with security tools like CrowdStrike.

CORS (Cross-Origin Resource Sharing)

NHI security threats

A security mechanism that allows web browsers to request resources from a different origin domain. CORS policies, defined by HTTP headers, control which cross-origin requests are allowed and prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data.

Credential Harvesting

NHI security threats

A technique used by attackers to collect or steal credentials such as passwords, API keys, or access tokens. This can be done through phishing, malware, exposed secrets, or other attack vectors. In workload IAM, credential harvesting poses a major risk, as compromised non-human identities can be used for unauthorized access and lateral movement.

Credential Provider

IAM concepts

A Credential Provider is responsible for securely issuing and managing short-lived credentials for workloads. This approach minimizes the risks associated with long-lived credentials and ensures that access to resources is granted only when needed, based on workload identity. Credential Provider can also store long-lived credentials such as API keys.

Daemon Identity

Identity types

An identity associated with a background process or service running on a computer system, often used for system maintenance, monitoring, or other administrative tasks. Daemon identities may have limited access rights to ensure system security.

Deep Learning

AI/MCP Concepts

Deep learning is a subset of artificial intelligence (AI) that uses multi-layered neural networks to learn complex patterns from large amounts of data. It enables machines to perform tasks such as image recognition, natural language understanding, and decision-making without explicit human programming.

Digital Certificate

Identity types

A digital document used to certify the authenticity of a machine or entity, typically issued by a trusted certificate authority (CA).

Dynamic Secrets

IAM concepts

Temporary credentials or keys generated on-demand by secrets managers in response to authentication requests. Dynamic secrets have a limited lifespan and are automatically revoked or rotated after use, reducing the risk of exposure if compromised.

Encryption

Security concepts

The process of encoding data in such a way that only authorized parties can access and decrypt it. Password managers and vaults use encryption to protect stored passwords and sensitive information, ensuring confidentiality and data security.

Federated Identity

IAM concepts

A mechanism that enables users to access multiple systems or services using a single set of credentials, typically managed by an identity provider (IdP). Federated identity allows for seamless authentication and authorization across different domains or organizations.

Generative AI

AI/MCP Concepts

Generative AI refers to systems that can create new content, such as text, images, code, or audio, based on patterns learned from large datasets. Unlike traditional predictive AI that classifies or forecasts, generative AI produces original outputs in response to prompts or contextual inputs.

Governance

IAM concepts

In identity and access management, governance refers to the processes and policies used to manage identities, ensure compliance with regulations, and maintain control over user access and privileges. In workload management, it refers to the strategic oversight of system workloads and resources.

Granularity

Security concepts

Refers to the level of detail in access control. Granular access control policies allow organizations to define fine-grained permissions for users and machines, such as who can access specific workloads or data sets.

Group Policy

IAM concepts

A feature used in IAM systems, especially in Active Directory environments, to manage and configure the settings of user and machine identities across an organization.

Hashing

Security concepts

In identity management, hashing is used to store and verify credentials like passwords by converting them into a fixed-size string of characters. Hashing algorithms also play a role in managing machine identities securely.

High Availability (HA)

IT concepts

A system design approach and associated service implementation that ensures a certain degree of operational continuity during a given time period. In workload management, HA ensures that critical workloads have minimal downtime, while IAM systems ensure users or machines have continuous access to systems.

Identity and Access Management (IAM)

IAM concepts

A framework for managing and controlling access to resources, systems, and data based on the identities of users, machines, or services.

Identity Broker

IAM concepts

An intermediary service or component that facilitates federated authentication and authorization between identity providers and service providers. Identity brokers translate authentication protocols, handle identity mapping, and enforce access control policies across federated systems.

Identity Federation

Identity types

The process of establishing trust relationships between identity providers and service providers to enable federated identity management. Identity federation allows users to access resources across different domains or organizations using a single set of credentials.

Identity Governance and Administration (IGA)

IAM concepts

IGA is the framework and processes used to ensure that the right individuals and machines have the appropriate access to technology resources. It integrates identity lifecycle management (provisioning, deprovisioning) with governance processes (e.g., auditing, role management, policy enforcement) to ensure compliance, security, and efficiency in managing identities.

Identity Mapping

IAM concepts

The process of correlating user identities across different identity domains or systems. Identity mapping ensures that users are consistently identified and authenticated, regardless of the authentication mechanism or system used.

Identity Provider (IdP)

IT concepts

A trusted entity responsible for authenticating users and issuing identity tokens or assertions that can be used to access federated services. IdPs manage user identities and credentials, often through techniques like SAML, OAuth, or OpenID Connect.

Integration

IT concepts

The process of connecting secrets managers with other systems, applications, or cloud services to automate the retrieval and use of secrets. Secrets managers often provide integrations with popular development frameworks, deployment tools, and cloud platforms to streamline secret management.

JWT (JSON Web Token)

Identity types

A compact, URL-safe means of representing claims to be transferred between two parties, commonly used for secure authentication and authorization in distributed systems.

Kerberoasting

NHI security threats

Kerberoasting is a post-compromise attack that exploits Kerberos authentication in Active Directory. Attackers use a low-privilege account to request service tickets for accounts with Service Principal Names (SPNs), extract the encrypted ticket data, and attempt to crack the hash offline to obtain plaintext credentials. This technique is commonly used to escalate privileges in Windows environments.

Key Rotation

IAM concepts

The process of regularly changing cryptographic keys or credentials to mitigate the risk of unauthorized access and improve security. Secrets managers often automate key rotation to ensure that secrets are regularly updated without disrupting applications or services.

Large Language Model (LLM)

AI/MCP Concepts

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open standard that enables large language models (LLMs) and AI agents to securely connect with external tools, APIs, and data sources through a common communication framework. MCP standardizes how models exchange context, invoke tools, and handle permissions, creating a foundation for safe, extensible agent ecosystems.

Least Privilege

IAM concepts

The principle of providing users, machines, or services with only the minimum level of access necessary to perform their tasks, reducing the risk of unauthorized access and potential security breaches.

Machine Identity

Identity types

A unique identifier assigned to a machine or device, typically consisting of cryptographic keys, certificates, or other credentials used for authentication and authorization.

Machine Learning (ML)

AI/MCP Concepts

Machine Learning (ML) is a subset of artificial intelligence (AI) that enables systems to automatically learn from data and improve their performance over time without being explicitly programmed. ML models identify patterns, make predictions, and support decision-making across a wide range of business and technical applications.

Machine Learning Identity

Identity types

An identity associated with a machine learning model or algorithm, used to authenticate and authorize access to data, resources, or computational resources. Machine learning identities enable secure and controlled access to sensitive information and computational resources.

Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Communication

IAM concepts

Communication between non-human entities, such as machines, devices, or applications, without direct human intervention. M2M communication often relies on secure authentication and authorization mechanisms to ensure data privacy and integrity.

Master Password

Identity types

A single, strong password used to encrypt and unlock the contents of a password manager or vault. The master password is typically the primary means of authentication and access control for the password manager, so it should be complex and carefully guarded.

MCP Client

AI/MCP Concepts

An MCP Client is the software component or AI agent that connects to a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server to request tools, data, or context. It serves as the initiator in an MCP workflow, sending structured requests, receiving context, and invoking actions defined by MCP-compatible tools.

MCP Host

AI/MCP Concepts

An MCP Host is the environment or runtime that runs a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server and provides tools, data, or services that AI agents and models can access through standardized interfaces. It acts as the provider side in the MCP ecosystem, exposing actions, endpoints, and contextual data to authorized MCP clients.

MCP Server

AI/MCP Concepts

An MCP Server is the central service in the Model Context Protocol (MCP) ecosystem that exposes tools, data sources, or APIs to authorized MCP Clients. It acts as the authoritative endpoint responsible for managing capabilities, handling authentication, and responding to agent or model requests in a standardized, interoperable format.

Model Context Protocol (MCP)

AI/MCP Concepts

Multi-Agent System (MAS)

AI/MCP Concepts

An architecture where multiple specialized AI Agents collaborate, communicate, and coordinate their actions to solve a complex problem that is beyond the scope of a single agent.

Multi-factor Authentication (MFA)

Security concepts

An authentication method that requires users to provide multiple forms of verification, such as passwords, biometrics, or tokens, to access sensitive resources. Some secrets managers support MFA to enhance security when accessing stored secrets.

No-code Auth

IAM concepts

Ability to allow developers to implement authentication and access controls without needing to write any code for managing secrets or credentials. This simplifies secure access to services by eliminating manual secrets management and enabling centralized access management using identity-based policies.

Non-human Identity

Identity types

A non-human identity refers to digital identities assigned to machines, applications, services, or other automated processes rather than individual users. These identities allow machines to authenticate and access resources securely, as in microservices or cloud applications.

OAuth (Open Authorization)

IAM concepts

An open standard for authorization that allows third-party applications to access resources on behalf of a user or service, often used to manage workload identity and access to APIs.

OAuth 2.0

IAM concepts

An authorization framework that enables secure access to resources over HTTP. OAuth 2.0 defines different authorization flows, including authorization code flow, implicit flow, client credentials flow, and resource owner password credentials flow, to accommodate various use cases.

OpenID Connect

IAM concepts

An identity layer built on top of OAuth 2.0 that provides authentication services for web and mobile applications. OpenID Connect allows clients to verify the identity of end-users based on the authentication performed by an authorization server, providing user information as JWTs. It also enables federated identity management by allowing clients to verify user identity based on tokens issued by an identity provider.

Over-provisioned Account

NHI security threats

An over-provisioned account has more access privileges than necessary for its role or function. This creates a security risk, as the excess privileges could be exploited by attackers or lead to unintentional access to sensitive systems.

Password Generator

IAM concepts

A tool provided by password managers to create strong, randomized passwords that are difficult to guess or crack. Password generators typically allow users to specify criteria such as length, character types, and special symbols to customize generated passwords.

Password Manager

IAM concepts

A software tool or service designed to securely store, manage, and retrieve passwords and other sensitive information, such as usernames, credit card numbers, and notes. Password managers often encrypt data using strong cryptographic algorithms to protect against unauthorized access.

Posture Assessment

Security concepts

A posture assessment evaluates the security status or “posture” of an organization’s IT environment. In IAM, it assesses how secure the current configuration of identities, access controls, and policies are, ensuring they adhere to best practices and regulatory requirements.

Proof Key for Code Exchange (PKCE)

IAM concepts

A security mechanism now mandatory for all clients (Confidential and Public) using the Authorization Code Flow. It prevents an Authorization Code from being intercepted and exchanged for tokens by an unauthorized application.

Proxy

IT concepts

A proxy is an intermediary that routes requests between a client and a server, often used for security, logging, or anonymization. In IAM, proxies can be used to handle authentication, monitor access, or enforce security policies by intercepting requests before they reach the target service.

Proxyless

IT concepts

In IAM, proxyless refers to an architecture where a client interacts directly with a service or resource without an intermediary (proxy). This can be mean access cloud services using an application programming interface (API).

Quota

IT concepts

In IAM and workload management, a quota refers to the predefined limits set on resources that a user, machine, or application can access. For instance, quotas may restrict the number of API calls, storage usage, or the number of machines a user can provision within a cloud environment.

RBAC (Role-Based Access Control)

Security concepts

A method of access control where permissions are assigned to roles, and users or entities are assigned to those roles. Password managers may implement RBAC to enforce fine-grained access control and restrict access to sensitive features or data.

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)

AI/MCP Concepts

An AI framework that optimizes an LLM’s output by retrieving relevant information from an external, authoritative knowledge base and incorporating that data into the prompt before generating a response.

Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Identity

Identity types

An identity assigned to a software robot or bot used for automating repetitive tasks or workflows. RPA identities enable secure authentication and access control for robotic process automation solutions.

Rogue Workload

NHI security threats

A rogue workload is an unauthorized or unmanaged workload that operates outside the governance or security policies of an organization. These workloads pose security risks, as they may lack proper identity, access controls, or monitoring, and could expose sensitive resources to threats.

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)

Identity types

A method of access control where permissions are assigned to roles, and users or entities are assigned to those roles, simplifying administration and ensuring consistent access management.

SAML (Security Assertion Markup Language)

IAM concepts

An XML-based standard for exchanging authentication and authorization data between identity providers and service providers. SAML enables single sign-on (SSO) and federated identity management across different systems or domains.

Secret

Security concepts

Any sensitive piece of information that should be protected from unauthorized access, including passwords, cryptographic keys, tokens, and other credentials used to authenticate users or access resources.

Secret Rotation

IAM concepts

The process of periodically updating secrets to mitigate the risk of unauthorized access or misuse. Secret rotation is essential for maintaining security hygiene and compliance with industry standards and regulations.

Secret Versioning

IAM concepts

The practice of maintaining multiple versions of secrets to facilitate rollback, auditing, and compliance requirements. Secrets managers often support versioning to track changes over time and ensure that previous versions of secrets remain accessible when needed.

Secretless

IAM concepts

A secretless architecture refers to systems where applications and services authenticate and communicate without the need to manage secrets directly (e.g., passwords, tokens, or API keys). Instead, they rely on dynamically generated, just-in-time mechanisms for identity or access.

Secrets Manager

IAM concepts

A centralized service or tool used to securely store, manage, and distribute sensitive information, such as passwords, API keys, cryptographic keys, and other credentials. Secrets managers help organizations improve security by reducing the risk of unauthorized access and data breaches.

Security Token Service (STS)

IAM concepts

STS (such as AWS Security Token Service) is a cloud service that provides temporary, limited-privilege credentials for authenticated users or workloads. These tokens allow access to resources for a specific duration, reducing the need for long-term credentials and improving security.

Self-RAG

AI/MCP Concepts

An advanced RAG method where the LLM itself generates specialized retrieval queries and critically evaluates the quality of the retrieved documents, refining its own generation process autonomously.

Service Account

Identity types

An identity used by applications or services to authenticate and authorize their interactions with other services, resources, or APIs. Service accounts are often used in automated processes and workflows.

Service Account Token

Identity types

A service account token is a credential used by service accounts (non-human identities) to authenticate with systems and services. These tokens are often used by applications or services running in environments like Kubernetes to access resources without human interaction.

Service Identity

Identity types

A unique identifier assigned to a service or application workload, typically associated with access control policies and permissions within a computing environment. Service identities enable secure communication and interaction between different components of a system.

Service Provider (SP)

IAM concepts

A system, application, or service that relies on an identity provider for authentication and authorization. Service providers accept identity tokens or assertions from the IdP to grant access to their resources or functionalities.

Service-to-Service Authentication

Security concepts

Authentication mechanism used between services or applications to establish trust and securely exchange information without human involvement. Service-to-service authentication often relies on cryptographic protocols, such as OAuth 2.0, to authenticate and authorize interactions.

Single Sign-On (SSO)

IAM concepts

A mechanism that allows users to authenticate once and gain access to multiple systems or services without needing to re-authenticate. SSO enhances user experience and productivity while reducing the burden of managing multiple sets of credentials.

Software Development Kit (SDK)

IT concepts

An SDK is a set of tools, libraries, and documentation that enables developers to build software applications for specific platforms or services. In IAM, SDKs are often provided by IAM solutions or cloud providers to allow seamless integration of identity and access management functionality into applications.

Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

IT concepts

SDLC is a structured process for developing software, consisting of phases such as planning, designing, coding, testing, deploying, and maintaining. In IAM, the SDLC is critical for ensuring that identity and access controls are built securely into software products throughout their development.

SPIFFE (Secure Production Identity Framework for Everyone)

IAM concepts

SPIFFE is an open-source framework for providing secure, cryptographic identities to services and workloads in dynamic, distributed systems like microservices. It defines standards for identity creation, verification, and lifecycle management across different cloud and infrastructure environments.

SPIRE (SPIFFE Runtime Environment)

IAM concepts

SPIRE is the production-grade implementation of the SPIFFE specification. It is a system that manages, issues, and verifies SPIFFE identities across distributed systems, ensuring workloads are properly authenticated within microservices environments.

SSH Key

Identity types

Secure Shell (SSH) keys are cryptographic keys used for secure remote access to machines or systems, providing authentication and encryption for communication.

Syncing

IT concepts

The process of synchronizing data between multiple devices or platforms to ensure consistency and accessibility. Password managers often support syncing to enable users to access their passwords and sensitive information across different devices and environments.

TLS (Transport Layer Security)

Security concepts

A cryptographic protocol that provides secure communication over a computer network. TLS is commonly used to encrypt API traffic and protect sensitive information from eavesdropping and tampering.

TLS/SSL Certificate

Identity types

Transport Layer Security (TLS) or Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) certificates provide secure communication over a network by encrypting data transmitted between machines, often used in web servers, APIs, and other network services.

Token

Identity types

A piece of data used for authentication or authorization, typically issued by an identity provider or authentication service. Tokens may include access tokens, refresh tokens, session tokens, or JWTs, depending on the authentication mechanism and protocol used.

Token Forging

NHI security threats

A technique where attackers create or manipulate authentication tokens to gain unauthorized access to systems or services. By forging tokens, attackers can impersonate legitimate non-human identities, bypass authentication controls, and escalate privileges within an environment. Proper validation, short token lifespans, and cryptographic integrity checks help mitigate this risk.

Trust Provider

IAM concepts

A Trust Provider is a component that verifies the identity of workloads (applications, services) using cryptographically verifiable methods, such as certificates. Trust Providers are used to ensure that only verified and trusted workloads can access sensitive resources or other services.

Trust Relationship

Security concepts

A mutual agreement or configuration between identity providers and service providers that establishes trust and enables federated identity management. Trust relationships define the rules and protocols for exchanging identity tokens, assertions, and attributes securely.

Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)

Security concepts

An authentication method that requires users to provide two forms of verification to access an account or system. Password managers and vaults often support 2FA to enhance security by requiring an additional factor, such as a code from a mobile app or a hardware token.

Universal Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Identity types

Universal IAM refers to a unified approach to identity and access management that spans multiple environments, platforms, and services. This can also unify user and non-human identities. It enables organizations to manage identities and access controls consistently across on-premises, cloud, and hybrid environments, providing seamless identity lifecycle management and access governance.

Vault

Identity types

A secure repository or container used to store and manage sensitive information, such as passwords, cryptographic keys, certificates, and API tokens. Vaults employ encryption and access control mechanisms to safeguard stored data from unauthorized access or disclosure.

Workload

Identity types

A specific task, application, or process running on a machine or within a computing environment, often associated with cloud-based or distributed systems.

Workload Identity Federation (WIF)

Identity types

Workload Identity Federation allows workloads running in one environment (e.g., on-premises or a third-party cloud) to authenticate and access resources in another environment (e.g., public cloud) without managing long-term credentials. It typically leverages federated trust models like OIDC (OpenID Connect) for secure authentication.

X.509

Identity types

X.509 is a standard defining the format of public key certificates. These certificates are used in cryptographic systems (like SSL/TLS) to securely verify identities through a trusted certificate authority (CA), commonly used in IAM for machine and workload identity verification.

X.509 Certificate

Identity types

An X.509 certificate is a digital certificate that uses the X.509 standard to authenticate the identity of machines, applications, or users. It contains a public key, identity information, and is signed by a trusted certificate authority (CA), making it critical for secure communication in networks.

YAML Ain’t Markup Language (YAML)

Identity types

YAML is a human-readable data serialization format used to define configuration data, often in DevOps and cloud environments. In IAM and workload management, YAML is frequently used in configuration files for systems like Kubernetes, where identity and access policies are defined for workloads. Formerly known as Yet Another Markup Language.

Zero Trust

Security concepts

A security framework that assumes no entity, either inside or outside the network, should be automatically trusted. It mandates continuous verification of the security status of identities, devices, and network traffic before granting access to resources.